55 butterfly species recorded during Tholung Valley survey

BIJOY GURUNG

GANGTOK,: Fifty-five butterfly species, including several rare species, were identified and documented during a four-day survey in remote Tholung forests of Upper Dzongu in North Sikkim earlier this month.

The field survey was conducted by Butterfly Society of North Sikkim in collaboration with Wiki Loves Butterfly to explore and document the butterflies in Tholung Valley from September 4 to 7. 

Located at the extreme end of Upper Dzongu, Tholung offered a unique opportunity to study butterflies across various elevations, ranging from 1132 to 2485 meters above sea level, allowing for a comprehensive understanding of their distribution across different altitudes and ecosystems, said the society. The sacred Tholung monastery is also located in this area.

The survey was conducted by a dedicated team of the Butterfly Society of North Sikkim including working president Sonam Wangchuk Lepcha, president Mingdup Lepcha, vice president Sonam Wanghcuk Lepcha (junior), research coordinator Dorjee Tshering Lepcha and coordinator-II Lendup Lepcha – all local youth of Dzongu.

“The primary goal of this survey was to conduct a thorough assessment of butterfly species within their natural habitats. This involved not only identifying and recording the various species but also collecting valuable data on their physical characteristics and habitats. Beyond the immediate benefits of this research, such as contributing to ecological knowledge and conservation efforts, the survey had a broader purpose. It aimed to assist policymakers and environmental organizations in recognizing critical areas for butterfly conservation, which is essential for informed decision-making regarding habitat preservation and protective measures,” said the Butterfly Society of North Sikkim.

It was informed that the butterfly survey commenced from Lingza village, the main access point to Tholung, and extended to Bay village. The team halted for the night at Chana.

Progressing from Chana, the survey led to the Forest rest house below Tholung Monastery. The exploration continued in the vicinity of the Forest rest house area, culminating at the Tholung Monastery.

“The results of this survey were remarkable, with 55 butterfly species identified within the relatively compact study area. The meticulous counting and recording efforts documented 151 individual butterflies. Among these, several rare species were observed, including the White-Edge Bushbrown, Brown Forester, Yellow Owl, Panther, and Yellow Jester. The legal protection status of the Brown Forester and Yellow Owl under Schedule II of the Wildlife Protection Act of 1972 emphasizes the significance of their conservation,” said the survey team.

The society informed that a significant achievement of the field survey at Tholung Valley was the discovery of three previously undocumented butterfly species in Dzongu. This discovery expanded the known count to an impressive "450 plus" species inhabiting the region, underlining the incredible biodiversity of this area, said the society.

“This survey is a testament to the dedication and commitment of the Butterfly Society of North Sikkim in the conservation of these delicate and beautiful insects. It serves as a reminder of the importance of preserving the diverse habitats that support these butterfly species.”

The Butterfly Society of North Sikkim has extended its gratitude to Forest department Range Officer (T) Tenzing Wangyal Lepcha for providing invaluable GPS assistance during the field survey, enabling the success of this important research endeavor.